Osram HQI-E - Revision history

Andrei.boiu at 23:32, 1 October 2021

2021-10-01T23:32:57Z

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	Standard coated or uncoated metal hallide ~~Lamp~~ for indoor and outdoor lighting with 70, 150, 250, 400 and 1000W power ratings		Standard coated or uncoated metal hallide lamp for indoor and outdoor lighting with 70, 150, 250, 400 and 1000W power ratings

	== Features ==		== Features ==

Andrei.boiu at 23:32, 1 October 2021

2021-10-01T23:32:41Z

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	Standard ~~Metal Hallide~~ Lamp for indoor and outdoor lighting with 70, 150, 250, 400 and 1000W power ratings		Standard coated or uncoated metal hallide Lamp for indoor and outdoor lighting with 70, 150, 250, 400 and 1000W power ratings

	== Features ==		== Features ==

Andrei.boiu at 23:32, 1 October 2021

2021-10-01T23:32:09Z

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	Standard Metal Hallide Lamp for indoor and outdoor lighting with 70, 150, 250 and ~~400W~~ power ratings		Standard Metal Hallide Lamp for indoor and outdoor lighting with 70, 150, 250, 400 and 1000W power ratings

	== Features ==		== Features ==

Andrei.boiu at 23:31, 1 October 2021

2021-10-01T23:31:35Z

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	[[Image:Osram HQI-~~TS 70W~~.jpg\|Osram HQI-~~TS 70W~~]]		[[Image:Osram HQI-E 250W Clear.jpg\|Osram HQI-E 250W Clear]]
	\|}		\|}
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Andrei.boiu: /* Technical details */

2021-10-01T22:58:26Z

Technical details

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:58, 2 October 2021
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	\| HQI-E 400W/N coated (640) HQI-VG *\|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 34000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 4000 K \|\| 60 \|\| 12000 hours		\| HQI-E 400W/N coated (640) HQI-VG *\|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 34000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 4000 K \|\| 60 \|\| 12000 hours
	\|-		\|-
	\| HQI-E 1000W/N coated (638) \|\| E40 *\|\| 1000 W \|\| 100000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 3800 K \|\| 65 \|\| 9000 hours		\| HQI-E 1000W/N coated (638) *\|\| E40 \|\| 1000 W \|\| 100000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 3800 K \|\| 65 \|\| 9000 hours
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
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	* HQI-VG indicates that the 400W lamp is designed for metal hallide lamp gear; lower lumen output due to lower lamp current;		* HQI-VG indicates that the 400W lamp is designed for metal hallide lamp gear; lower lumen output due to lower lamp current;
	* "*" indicates lamps that are suited for horizontal rather than universal operating position		* "*" indicates lamps that are suited for horizontal rather than universal operating position

	== Durability and Repair-ability ==		== Durability and Repair-ability ==
	Generally, metal hallide lamps fare quite poorly in terms of reliability but some lamps have an outright poor performance. The aggressiveness of metal hallides and their reliance on a specific pressure and temperature requirement for vaporization and light output with a specific output, means that lamp to lamp colour shifts are quite noticeable. Aging amplifies the colour drift and light output differences. As the lamp is very compact and has high temperature hot-spots means that fixtures are noticeably degraded and especially affects gaskets and the front frame of the reflector housing. This means that waterproofing is frequently degraded and lamps are rarely suited to operate outdoors unless old fixtures are carefully maintained.		Generally, metal hallide lamps fare quite poorly in terms of reliability but some lamps have an outright poor performance. The aggressiveness of metal hallides and their reliance on a specific pressure and temperature requirement for vaporization and light output with a specific output, means that lamp to lamp colour shifts are quite noticeable. Aging amplifies the colour drift and light output differences. As the lamp is very compact and has high temperature hot-spots means that fixtures are noticeably degraded and especially affects gaskets and the front frame of the reflector housing. This means that waterproofing is frequently degraded and lamps are rarely suited to operate outdoors unless old fixtures are carefully maintained.

Andrei.boiu at 22:57, 1 October 2021

2021-10-01T22:57:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:57, 2 October 2021
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	== Features ==		== Features ==
	*Clear ~~UV-block quartz tubular~~ bulb ~~with ceramic end caps~~		*Clear or coated outer bulb
	*Internal high pressure quartz discharge tube		*Internal high pressure quartz discharge tube
	*One of the following:		*One of the following:
	**~~RX7s~~ base (~~70W lamps)~~		**E27 base (70 and 150W lamps)
	**RX7s-24 base, an RX7s with caps spaced further apart (150W lamps)		**E40 base (250, 400 and 1000W lamps)
	**~~FC2~~ base (~~250W~~ and ~~400W~~ lamps)
	*Color rendering index Ra of 76 to 93		*Color rendering index Ra of 76 to 93
	*Typical lifetime of 12.000 hours		*Typical lifetime of 6.000 to 12.000 hours
	*Luminous efficacy of 71 to 90 lumens/watt		*Luminous efficacy of 64 to 94 lumens/watt
	*Warm white, Cool white, Daylight colour designation (~~3000~~ to ~~5600~~ K colour temperature)		*Warm white, Cool white, Daylight colour designation (2900 to 5200 K colour temperature)
	*~~Horizontal~~ operating position ~~(risk of early failure when operating in other positions)~~		*Universal operating position for most lamps except 400W N and 1000W N types

	== Lamp control gear ==		== Lamp control gear ==
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	\| HQI-E 400W/D coated/ sleeve (952) HQI-VG \|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 25000 lm \|\| Daylight \|\| 5200 K \|\| 90 \|\| 12000 hours		\| HQI-E 400W/D coated/ sleeve (952) HQI-VG \|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 25000 lm \|\| Daylight \|\| 5200 K \|\| 90 \|\| 12000 hours
	\|-		\|-
	\| HQI-E 400W/N clear (640) NAV-VG \|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 34000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 4000 K \|\| 65 \|\| 12000 hours		\| HQI-E 400W/N clear (640) NAV-VG *\|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 34000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 4000 K \|\| 65 \|\| 12000 hours
	\|-		\|-
	\| HQI-E 400W/N clear (646) HQI-VG \|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 26000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 4600 K \|\| 60 \|\| 12000 hours		\| HQI-E 400W/N clear (646) HQI-VG *\|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 26000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 4600 K \|\| 60 \|\| 12000 hours
	\|-		\|-
	\| HQI-E 400W/N coated (638) NAV-VG \|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 40000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 3800 K \|\| 65 \|\| 12000 hours		\| HQI-E 400W/N coated (638) NAV-VG *\|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 40000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 3800 K \|\| 65 \|\| 12000 hours
	\|-		\|-
	\| HQI-E 400W/N coated (640) HQI-VG \|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 34000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 4000 K \|\| 60 \|\| 12000 hours		\| HQI-E 400W/N coated (640) HQI-VG *\|\| E40 \|\| 400 W \|\| 34000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 4000 K \|\| 60 \|\| 12000 hours
	\|-		\|-
	\| HQI-E 1000W/N coated (638) \|\| E40 \|\| 1000 W \|\| 100000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 3800 K \|\| 65 \|\| 9000 hours		\| HQI-E 1000W/N coated (638) \|\| E40 *\|\| 1000 W \|\| 100000 lm \|\| Cool White \|\| 3800 K \|\| 65 \|\| 9000 hours
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
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	* NAV-VG indicates that the 400W lamp is designed for high pressure sodium vapour lamp gear;		* NAV-VG indicates that the 400W lamp is designed for high pressure sodium vapour lamp gear;
	* HQI-VG indicates that the 400W lamp is designed for metal hallide lamp gear; lower lumen output due to lower lamp current;		* HQI-VG indicates that the 400W lamp is designed for metal hallide lamp gear; lower lumen output due to lower lamp current;
			* "*" indicates lamps that are suited for horizontal rather than universal operating position
	== Durability and Repair-ability ==		== Durability and Repair-ability ==
	Generally, metal hallide lamps fare quite poorly in terms of reliability but some lamps have an outright poor performance. The aggressiveness of metal hallides and their reliance on a specific pressure and temperature requirement for vaporization and light output with a specific output, means that lamp to lamp colour shifts are quite noticeable. Aging amplifies the colour drift and light output differences. As the lamp is very compact and has high temperature hot-spots means that fixtures are noticeably degraded and especially affects gaskets and the front frame of the reflector housing. This means that waterproofing is frequently degraded and lamps are rarely suited to operate outdoors unless old fixtures are carefully maintained.		Generally, metal hallide lamps fare quite poorly in terms of reliability but some lamps have an outright poor performance. The aggressiveness of metal hallides and their reliance on a specific pressure and temperature requirement for vaporization and light output with a specific output, means that lamp to lamp colour shifts are quite noticeable. Aging amplifies the colour drift and light output differences. As the lamp is very compact and has high temperature hot-spots means that fixtures are noticeably degraded and especially affects gaskets and the front frame of the reflector housing. This means that waterproofing is frequently degraded and lamps are rarely suited to operate outdoors unless old fixtures are carefully maintained.
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	\| High efficiency, sometimes good colour rendering \|\| Some lamps have very short service life		\| High efficiency, sometimes good colour rendering \|\| Some lamps have very short service life
	\|-		\|-
	\| Directional light \|\| Sensitive to operating position and unbalanced wearing		\| Directional light \|\| Sensitive to operating position and unbalanced wearing on some lamps
	\|-		\|-
	\| Quick lamp start \|\| Widely different lamps, slow restart, bulky, complex lamp gear		\| Quick lamp start \|\| Widely different lamps, slow restart, bulky, complex lamp gear
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	These metal hallide lamps are suited for both indoor and outdoor aplications but there are some precautions that should be taken. The lamp range is highly diverse. Colour reproduction varies widely between different power ratings and some lamps are available with only a single white light appearance or colour temperature. This means that all attempts at finding an application have to be based on prior analysis of the datasheet as even slight differences in specifications have an impact on applications. While the lamp portfolio covers wattages from 70 to 1000W, there are certain ranges that seem to be highly popular such as 70W as well as the 400W. The lamps themselves fares well in terms of light output but the point light source nature of the lamp relegates it to accent or directional rather than general lighting.		These metal hallide lamps are suited for both indoor and outdoor aplications but there are some precautions that should be taken. The lamp range is highly diverse. Colour reproduction varies widely between different power ratings and some lamps are available with only a single white light appearance or colour temperature. This means that all attempts at finding an application have to be based on prior analysis of the datasheet as even slight differences in specifications have an impact on applications. While the lamp portfolio covers wattages from 70 to 1000W, there are certain ranges that seem to be highly popular such as 70W as well as the 400W. The lamps themselves fares well in terms of light output but the point light source nature of the lamp relegates it to accent or directional rather than general lighting.

	The lamp's performance is mixed. There are some lamps that have colour rendering indexes of 90 but there are others that have only 60 and, generally, better colour reproduction comes with shorter service lives and this is especially unfortunate for lamps that are suited for operation in open fixtures. Also, some lamps should be avoided, as is the case for the ones suited for operation on conventional metal hallide (actually designed for mercury vapour, with an added parallel ignitor). Of course, compared with ceramic metal hallide lamps, HQI lamps are sometimes performing below average or above average quartz lamps, but performance inconsistencies seem to be ~~the highest limitation rather than the typically lower performance than ceramic lamps~~.		The lamp's performance is mixed. There are some lamps that have colour rendering indexes of 90 but there are others that have only 60 and, generally, better colour reproduction comes with shorter service lives and this is especially unfortunate for lamps that are suited for operation in open fixtures. Also, some lamps should be avoided, as is the case for the ones suited for operation on conventional metal hallide (actually designed for mercury vapour, with an added parallel ignitor). Of course, compared with ceramic metal hallide lamps, HQI lamps are sometimes performing below average or above average quartz lamps, but performance inconsistencies, such as horizontal operating position for certain lamps, seem to be compound limitations.

	== Operation ==		== Operation ==
	These lamps are somewhat better suited for frequent switching but starting is still a major stress. They need less than two minutes to reach maximum light output and less than that to restart after being turned off. The light colour and output changes from start-up to normal operation from white to orange. White light at startup and then greenish light midway to warm-up suggests mercury is also used on the lamp. This slightly improves colour rendering but affects slightly reduces lamp life while the ones that do no change colour are either new or do not use mercury at all have a yellower light appearance. Lamps without mercury are more difficult to start but they have longer lifetimes and slightly higher efficiency.		These lamps are somewhat better suited for frequent switching but starting is still a major stress. They need less than two minutes to reach maximum light output and less than that to restart after being turned off. The light colour and output changes from start-up to normal operation from white to orange. White light at startup and then greenish light midway to warm-up suggests mercury is also used on the lamp. This slightly improves colour rendering but affects slightly reduces lamp life while the ones that do no change colour are either new or do not use mercury at all have a yellower light appearance. Lamps without mercury are more difficult to start but they have longer lifetimes and slightly higher efficiency.

	The lamp requires a conventional or electro-magnetic gear of the same power output as the lamp, connected in series with a lamp and an ignitor that must be connected as is required in the circuit. Connecting the lamp directly to mains damages it instantly as there is no current limitation. Improper connection of the ignitor is also dangerous and proper care must be exerted during installation and servicing. A power factor capacitor that has a specific value might be used to correct the power factor and current requirements on the circuit. The lamp itself is not influenced by the presence or absence of this capacitor. When used sparingly in homes or some premises where not a lot of these lamps are located, power factor correction is not important but large industrial or commercial clients were required to maintain a specific power factor due to electricity distribution contracting.		The lamp requires a conventional or electro-magnetic gear of the same power output as the lamp, connected in series with a lamp and an ignitor that must be connected as is required in the circuit. Connecting the lamp directly to mains damages it instantly as there is no current limitation. Improper connection of the ignitor is also dangerous and proper care must be exerted during installation and servicing. A power factor capacitor that has a specific value might be used to correct the power factor and current requirements on the circuit. The lamp itself is not influenced by the presence or absence of this capacitor. When used sparingly in homes or some premises where not a lot of these lamps are located, power factor correction is not important but large industrial or commercial clients were required to maintain a specific power factor due to electricity distribution contracting. Also, special care should be exercised as some 400W and 1000W lamps should be operated only horizontally.

	== Suitability ==		== Suitability ==
	There are lamps that are designed for operation in closed and enclosed fixtures. An added advantage of eliptical lamps compared with tubular lamps, and especially for the Osram HQI range, is that lamps can be used in universal position, opening many interior and exterior operation possibilities. Indoor lighting is mostly limited by requirements of hard to find electronic gear that eliminates flicker and improves lifetime as well as provide quick lamp restart. Conventional gear is available but hum, flicker, wiring complexity are unavoidable.		There are lamps that are designed for operation in closed and enclosed fixtures. An added advantage of eliptical lamps compared with tubular lamps, and especially for the Osram HQI range, is that lamps can be used in universal position, opening many interior and exterior operation possibilities. Indoor lighting is mostly limited by requirements of hard to find electronic gear that eliminates flicker and improves lifetime as well as provide quick lamp restart. Conventional gear is available but hum, flicker, wiring complexity are unavoidable.

	Coated lamps should be used where lamps are used in open fixtures due to less glare, while uncoated lamps are much more efficient in enclosed fixtures that almost always have reflectors or internal surfaces that help direct light.		Coated lamps should be used where lamps are used in open fixtures due to less glare, while uncoated lamps are much more efficient in enclosed fixtures that almost always have reflectors or internal surfaces that help direct light. Operating position limitations for 400W and 1000W lamp types are a nuisance when attempting to achieve certain colour and light output specificity.

	Lower rated power output gears can be used, but it is not recommended as colour reproduction and lamp lifetime will be reduced while higher powered ones damage the lamp due to over-stressing and is highly dangerous. Used lamp gears might work but old lamps are never desirable as they degrade much quicker than mercury vapour and sodium lamps. Rusted ballast may still operate but are a potential hazard while old, used lamps, may not have much useful life left and they may already exhibit some colour light emission issues. New old-stock lamps are the best choice, if available.		Lower rated power output gears can be used, but it is not recommended as colour reproduction and lamp lifetime will be reduced while higher powered ones damage the lamp due to over-stressing and is highly dangerous. Used lamp gears might work but old lamps are never desirable as they degrade much quicker than mercury vapour and sodium lamps. Rusted ballast may still operate but are a potential hazard while old, used lamps, may not have much useful life left and they may already exhibit some colour light emission issues. New old-stock lamps are the best choice, if available.

Andrei.boiu: /* Suitability */

2021-10-01T22:02:05Z

Suitability

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:02, 2 October 2021
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	== Suitability ==		== Suitability ==
	There are lamps that are designed for operation in closed and enclosed fixtures. An added advantage of eliptical lamps compared with tubular lamps, and especially for the Osram HQI range, is that lamps can be used in universal position, opening many interior and exterior operation possibilities. Indoor lighting is mostly limited by requirements of hard to find electronic gear that eliminates flicker and improves lifetime as well as provide quick lamp restart. Conventional gear is available but hum, flicker, wiring complexity are unavoidable.		There are lamps that are designed for operation in closed and enclosed fixtures. An added advantage of eliptical lamps compared with tubular lamps, and especially for the Osram HQI range, is that lamps can be used in universal position, opening many interior and exterior operation possibilities. Indoor lighting is mostly limited by requirements of hard to find electronic gear that eliminates flicker and improves lifetime as well as provide quick lamp restart. Conventional gear is available but hum, flicker, wiring complexity are unavoidable.

			Coated lamps should be used where lamps are used in open fixtures due to less glare, while uncoated lamps are much more efficient in enclosed fixtures that almost always have reflectors or internal surfaces that help direct light.

	Lower rated power output gears can be used, but it is not recommended as colour reproduction and lamp lifetime will be reduced while higher powered ones damage the lamp due to over-stressing and is highly dangerous. Used lamp gears might work but old lamps are never desirable as they degrade much quicker than mercury vapour and sodium lamps. Rusted ballast may still operate but are a potential hazard while old, used lamps, may not have much useful life left and they may already exhibit some colour light emission issues. New old-stock lamps are the best choice, if available.		Lower rated power output gears can be used, but it is not recommended as colour reproduction and lamp lifetime will be reduced while higher powered ones damage the lamp due to over-stressing and is highly dangerous. Used lamp gears might work but old lamps are never desirable as they degrade much quicker than mercury vapour and sodium lamps. Rusted ballast may still operate but are a potential hazard while old, used lamps, may not have much useful life left and they may already exhibit some colour light emission issues. New old-stock lamps are the best choice, if available.

Andrei.boiu: /* Manufacturing specificities */

2021-10-01T22:00:41Z

Manufacturing specificities

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:00, 2 October 2021
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	Most manufacturers have been releasing lamps for many decades and constantly improved technology so that lamps had a stabler, predictable lifetime and slightly improved colour stability due to manufacturing progress.		Most manufacturers have been releasing lamps for many decades and constantly improved technology so that lamps had a stabler, predictable lifetime and slightly improved colour stability due to manufacturing progress.

	Compared with Philips ~~MHN-TD~~ lamps, the HQI-TS range is much more diverse, offering a wider selection of wattages as well as more white colour choices. ~~Also~~, ~~another advantage of Osram products is that~~ service lifetime ~~is improved by around 2000 hours~~ and ~~that daylight colour~~ lamps ~~are very good for accurate daylight colour reproductions~~, ~~with a light that closely mimics the ideal 5500K colour temperature standard. Osram HQI-TS lamps were not as~~ widely used ~~as MHN-TD lamps but they are a much better purchasing choice~~.		Compared with Philips HPI lamps, the HQI-E range is much more diverse, offering a wider selection of wattages as well as more white colour choices. However, service lifetime and white light appearance varies much more than on Philips lamps, being less predictable based on some widely used assumptions in general lighting.

	{{footnotes\|		{{footnotes\|

Andrei.boiu: /* History */

2021-10-01T21:58:34Z

History

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:58, 1 October 2021
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	The lamp technology was an improvement of previously developed mercury vapour lamps. The potential for fluorescent powders was mostly exhausted by early 70s which meant that research concentrated on releasing better lamps that produced light directly from the discharge tube. This research was also carried previously but results were modest, as stable compounds with good colour reproduction were found to be quite aggressive and lead to short service life. Sodium, Scandium, Indium, Thallium were attempted as main elements that can offer a balanced light output but they required a specific balance of temperature and pressure to achieve best results. One major limitation was that certain compounds were costly or difficult to manufacture or mix in specific amounts, which meant that suitable results could not be found for many decades. In the late 70s and early 80s most major manufactures were able to center on specific technologies that reached good enough results for general lighting, with predictable performance.		The lamp technology was an improvement of previously developed mercury vapour lamps. The potential for fluorescent powders was mostly exhausted by early 70s which meant that research concentrated on releasing better lamps that produced light directly from the discharge tube. This research was also carried previously but results were modest, as stable compounds with good colour reproduction were found to be quite aggressive and lead to short service life. Sodium, Scandium, Indium, Thallium were attempted as main elements that can offer a balanced light output but they required a specific balance of temperature and pressure to achieve best results. One major limitation was that certain compounds were costly or difficult to manufacture or mix in specific amounts, which meant that suitable results could not be found for many decades. In the late 70s and early 80s most major manufactures were able to center on specific technologies that reached good enough results for general lighting, with predictable performance.

	The HQI-TS range was the result of research aimed at creating lower powered metal hallide lamps that had better colour reproduction and energy efficiency compared with high pressure mercury vapour lamps. The most important limiting factor was that the arc tube had to be formed more evenly at the ends and be reasonably well insulated and heat resistant to ensure reasonable performance. More advanced manufacturing tools and processes had to be developed. The arc tube was well built to resist the long term corrosive nature of hallides. It was also important to ensure less variations in arc tube geometry as well as temperature profile. This meant that heat reflecting coatings were mandatory for the arc tube. As soon as all these conditions were met, the lamp was released. Osram had superior manufacturing technology that allowed better performing lamps ~~although they were also more expensive~~ to ~~manufacture due to less marketshare~~.		The HQI-E range was the result of research aimed at creating lower powered metal hallide lamps that had better colour reproduction and energy efficiency compared with high pressure mercury vapour lamps. The most important limiting factor was that the arc tube had to be formed more evenly at the ends and be reasonably well insulated and heat resistant to ensure reasonable performance. More advanced manufacturing tools and processes had to be developed. The arc tube was well built to resist the long term corrosive nature of hallides. It was also important to ensure less variations in arc tube geometry as well as temperature profile. This meant that heat reflecting coatings were mandatory for the arc tube. As soon as all these conditions were met, the lamp was released. Osram had superior manufacturing technology that allowed better performing lamps but the range itself was confusing, as inconsistencies between different lamp types are hard to undestand.

	Products were quite successful on the market until the advent of the much improved ceramic tube metal hallide lamps, around mid 1990s. Although ceramic hallide lamps were much more expensive, their better colour reproduction, lamp life and efficiency meant that there were few reason to choose HQI-TS lamps. However, the higher wattage and white appearance choices made this lamp range more appreciated on the market than the Philips ~~MHN-TD~~ lamps, especially on markets where ~~performance~~ was ~~favoured more than cost and Osram had a good presence~~. Although less affected than Philips , Osram HQI-TS lamp installations were experiencing a slow demise ~~as the~~ LED light sources were taking over the market in late 2000s.		Products were quite successful on the market until the advent of the much improved ceramic tube metal hallide lamps, around mid 1990s. Although ceramic hallide lamps were much more expensive, their better colour reproduction, lamp life and efficiency meant that there were few reason to choose HQI-E lamps. However, the higher wattage and white appearance choices made this lamp range more appreciated on the market than the Philips HPI lamps, especially on markets where variety was valued. Although less affected than Philips due to market stability in many countries, Osram HQI-E lamp installations were experiencing a slow demise. While LED light sources were taking over the market in late 2000s, Osram did not heavily promote LED lamps as much as Philips did.

	== Manufacturing specificities ==		== Manufacturing specificities ==

Andrei.boiu: /* Suitability */

2021-10-01T21:54:15Z

Suitability

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:54, 1 October 2021
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	== Suitability ==		== Suitability ==
	~~HQI-TS~~ lamps are ~~a good choice~~ for ~~directional lamp~~ fixtures. ~~If a fixture in good enough condition is found~~, the ~~lamp offers good light output~~ that ~~could make it useful on interior as well as exterior applications. The most popular lamp wattage seems to~~ be ~~the 70W type~~, ~~as it was powerful~~ and compact enough to justify the purchase of a fixture that has an elliptical light beam. Garden lighting is not the best application choice as the lamps are not as suited as the 250W and 400W types offer much higher outputs. Indoor lighting is ~~also~~ limited ~~since use in living rooms is not entirely attractive as~~ flicker ~~is present with conventional lamp gears~~ and ~~the lack of hot or~~ quick restart ~~and average lamp performance does not justify the much costlier electronic lamp~~ gear.		There are lamps that are designed for operation in closed and enclosed fixtures. An added advantage of eliptical lamps compared with tubular lamps, and especially for the Osram HQI range, is that lamps can be used in universal position, opening many interior and exterior operation possibilities. Indoor lighting is mostly limited by requirements of hard to find electronic gear that eliminates flicker and improves lifetime as well as provide quick lamp restart. Conventional gear is available but hum, flicker, wiring complexity are unavoidable.

	Lower rated power output gears can be used, but it is not recommended as colour reproduction and lamp lifetime will be reduced while higher powered ones damage the lamp due to over-stressing and is highly dangerous. Used lamp gears might work but old lamps are never desirable as they degrade much quicker than mercury vapour and sodium lamps. Rusted ballast may still operate but are a potential hazard while old, used lamps, may not have much useful life left and they may already exhibit some colour light emission issues. New old-stock lamps are the best choice, if available.		Lower rated power output gears can be used, but it is not recommended as colour reproduction and lamp lifetime will be reduced while higher powered ones damage the lamp due to over-stressing and is highly dangerous. Used lamp gears might work but old lamps are never desirable as they degrade much quicker than mercury vapour and sodium lamps. Rusted ballast may still operate but are a potential hazard while old, used lamps, may not have much useful life left and they may already exhibit some colour light emission issues. New old-stock lamps are the best choice, if available.