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Difference between revisions of "Philips TL5 HE"
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High colour rendering T5 fluorescent linear lamps TL5 HE | High colour rendering T5 fluorescent linear lamps TL5 HE (High Efficiency) | ||
== Features == | == Features == | ||
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== Best retro purpose == | == Best retro purpose == | ||
Flourescent lamps are the most popular and widely used lighting source. Still widely used in most indoor environments due to their high effciency and very good colour reproduction, flourescent lamp stocks and availability is still high. Millions of these lamps have been produced worldwide for decades. They are clearly suited for indoor lighting especially when paired with an electronic ballast that eliminates flicker and also increases system efficiency. Due to the great variety of lamps, there are some suggestions for use. Most flourescent lamps operate well at 25 degrees Celsius ambient temperature and have very low light output in freezing or below freezing environments but hot environments also reduce efficiency. | Flourescent lamps are the most popular and widely used lighting source. Still widely used in most indoor environments due to their high effciency and very good colour reproduction, flourescent lamp stocks and availability is still high. Millions of these lamps have been produced worldwide for decades. They are clearly suited for indoor lighting especially when paired with an electronic ballast that eliminates flicker and also increases system efficiency. Due to the great variety of lamps, there are some suggestions for use. Most flourescent lamps operate well at 25 degrees Celsius ambient temperature and have very low light output in freezing or below freezing environments but hot environments also reduce efficiency. | ||
TL5 lamps are a mixed back. On the one side, they were the most efficient fluorescent lamps but fixtures are quite rare, as the lamp was not popular or cheap. There is nothing special or nostalgic in the lamp itself and the slender lamp tube is better suited for accent or directional lights. Due to the fact that there were two separate very different lamp classes, there is even more confusion about estimating the light level and desired effect. HE stands for High efficiency, which means slightly higher light output per meter than typical Super 80 class fluorescent lamps. HO stands for "high output" and means a much higher light output per meter with a corresponding increase in heat disipation but relatively energy efficiency. Theoretically, any lamp can be suitable but high output lamps are slightly more attractive for outdoor or higher luminance requirements. | |||
Super 80 lamps have been the most popular lamp type since the early 2000s and up to the present (2021). They may still be found new, are cheap and have very good performance. This lamp type is especially suited for areas that require a large amount of light. Due to the lamp's size and luminous flux, they are best suited for floodlighting although they can be just as well used for general lighting in any conditions. These lamps have a tendency of over saturating objects colour appearance which may be a desired or undesired side effect. Any interior can be well and pleasantly light with these lamps although foliage, plants, flowers are very well showcased. | Super 80 lamps have been the most popular lamp type since the early 2000s and up to the present (2021). They may still be found new, are cheap and have very good performance. This lamp type is especially suited for areas that require a large amount of light. Due to the lamp's size and luminous flux, they are best suited for floodlighting although they can be just as well used for general lighting in any conditions. These lamps have a tendency of over saturating objects colour appearance which may be a desired or undesired side effect. Any interior can be well and pleasantly light with these lamps although foliage, plants, flowers are very well showcased. | ||
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The TL-D range was conceived as a complete portfolio which was quite well suited for any task. While commercial lighting was the most successful market, flourescent lamps were present also in residential and industrial environments and they were highly successful. Super 80 that catered to mostly to efficiency. Until the advent of advanced LED lamps, flourescent lamps were unsurpassed in terms of efficiency and lighting comfort. The lamp's quick restart, good light stability even on conventional, magnetic gear, and reasonably simple wiring made them easy to service although the lamp bi-pin connection was prone to failure due to lamp's handling as well as normal wear, the system was reasonably easy to repair and failures were quite obvious. The only drawback of these upper market lamps ranges was a slightly higher price than typical TL-D standard lamps and sensitivity to operating temperatures, common to all flourescent lamps. This major drawback seriously limited outdoor applications. | The TL-D range was conceived as a complete portfolio which was quite well suited for any task. While commercial lighting was the most successful market, flourescent lamps were present also in residential and industrial environments and they were highly successful. Super 80 that catered to mostly to efficiency. Until the advent of advanced LED lamps, flourescent lamps were unsurpassed in terms of efficiency and lighting comfort. The lamp's quick restart, good light stability even on conventional, magnetic gear, and reasonably simple wiring made them easy to service although the lamp bi-pin connection was prone to failure due to lamp's handling as well as normal wear, the system was reasonably easy to repair and failures were quite obvious. The only drawback of these upper market lamps ranges was a slightly higher price than typical TL-D standard lamps and sensitivity to operating temperatures, common to all flourescent lamps. This major drawback seriously limited outdoor applications. | ||
Super 80 lamps were advantageous due to high luminous output and low price. The wide array of colour temperatures caters to any application. Warm colours or more active daylight ambiances can be created easily. The lamps' very good stability and output ensures a long service life with minimal degradation. This was especially important compared with TL-D Standard lamps, as the older lamp type aged much quicker and had lower light output along with colour reproduction. Requirements for higher than 80 Ra colour rendering index in Europe made the lamps extremely popular and even made them as cheap or even cheaper than TL-D standard lamps due to volumes, marketing and economies of scale. | TL5 lamps are more of a specialty product as they were not highly popular. Some large retailers and office building administrator used them in most installations, however, typical office, residential, commercial and especially industrial premises remained on standard TL-D or T8 lamps fixtures even as late as 2008. This was especially due to cost but also due to the the inconvenience of retraining employees to install and maintain efficiently a different lamp technology. There was also the issue of maintaining incompatible inventory for another separate installation that was not a very major improvement compared with the switch from TL to TL-D lamps or from standard TL-D lamps to TL-D Super 80. All these were major reasons for avoiding newer TL5 installations unless ultimate efficiency and no cost concern were goals at that specific time. | ||
TL5 Super 80 lamps, even if they were not called that way they were still comparable to TL-D Super 80 lamps, were advantageous due to high luminous output and low price. The wide array of colour temperatures caters to any application. Warm colours or more active daylight ambiances can be created easily. The lamps' very good stability and output ensures a long service life with minimal degradation. This was especially important compared with TL-D Standard lamps, as the older lamp type aged much quicker and had lower light output along with colour reproduction. Requirements for higher than 80 Ra colour rendering index in Europe made the lamps extremely popular and even made them as cheap or even cheaper than TL-D standard lamps due to volumes, marketing and economies of scale. On the other side, if TL-D Super 80 lamps were already retrofit or retrofitable on an existing installation, there was little justification for new TL5 lamps. Even presently, prospects for retrofits are still good, with LED tubes being able to replace older flourescent lamps on TL-D or T8 installations. Cost-wise, TL5 lamps were most adavtageous when compared with the prospect of replacing magnetic or inductive ballast TL-D or T8 lamps, as TL5 lamp type already mandated high frequency electronic lamp gears which bring much increased energy efficiency and comfort. | |||
== Operation == | == Operation == | ||
All lamps require the same lamp gear | All lamps require the same lamp gear type as there are no magnetic ballasts released as on older flourescent lamp technology. An electronic lamp gear eliminates flicker and increase the lamp's service life. Note that some cheap electronic ballasts do not actually offer preheating and start instantly the lamp, reducing the lamp's useful life. Preheating of lamps is assumed if there is any mention of a 0.5second duration on the electronic ballast label or the word preheating. Most world manufacturers released electronic control gear and some products even allowed variable dimming using special protocols. | ||
While a dimmed flourescent lamp is not as efficient as full power operation, there were and are some environments were such flexibility is appreciated. Note that starting and operating dimmed lamps is less reliable and the temperature balance and optimum operation conditions slightly deviate in these circumstances. Overpowering a lamp is possible but it is not advised. While Super 80 lamps are best suited for these circumstance that increase light output with some reduction in efficiency and service lamps, operation in such conditions stresses the lamp. Note that operating in cold environments, as a deviation from ideal conditions, reduces lamp current and power, making the lamp slightly unstable and dim. | While a dimmed flourescent lamp is not as efficient as full power operation, there were and are some environments were such flexibility is appreciated. Note that starting and operating dimmed lamps is less reliable and the temperature balance and optimum operation conditions slightly deviate in these circumstances. Overpowering a lamp is possible but it is not advised. While Super 80 lamps are best suited for these circumstance that increase light output with some reduction in efficiency and service lamps, operation in such conditions stresses the lamp. Note that operating in cold environments, as a deviation from ideal conditions, reduces lamp current and power, making the lamp slightly unstable and dim. | ||
== Suitability == | == Suitability == | ||
TL5 lamps were mostly advantageous in recessed or fully enclosed lamp fixtures as the lamp dimension meant that optimal operating temperatures were slightly higher than on typical fluorescent lamps. Just as well, small luminaires could more easily have better optical control, meaning that the light output could be more efficiently directed were matters, increasing overall system efficiency. This meant that indoor retail or office lighting fixtures were probably the most successful application as residential spaces were appreciated higher if a slightly harsher and a more alluring, diffuse, light was cast on the area. Due to different lamp lengths and light outputs, replacing T8 or TL-D standard fixtures was quite difficult and rarely carried out. | |||
== History == | == History == | ||
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Subsequent developments improved lamp life and created a wide variety of flourescent powders that cast white light with different colour appearances from warm and neutral to cold and daylight. Higher and lower power lamps were created and standardization established. The preferred lamp gear turned from incandescent ballasting or mixed light to magnetic or reactive ballasts, which improved system efficiency. In the late 1970s, following requirements for higher energy efficiency due to the world oil crisis of 1973, there were major advances in technology. | Subsequent developments improved lamp life and created a wide variety of flourescent powders that cast white light with different colour appearances from warm and neutral to cold and daylight. Higher and lower power lamps were created and standardization established. The preferred lamp gear turned from incandescent ballasting or mixed light to magnetic or reactive ballasts, which improved system efficiency. In the late 1970s, following requirements for higher energy efficiency due to the world oil crisis of 1973, there were major advances in technology. | ||
The advent of high efficiency tri-band or tri-phosphorous lamps was the most important landmark. Successful development of flourescent powders that had peak UV to visible light conversion at blue, red, and green colours with peaks near the ideal wavelengths made it possible to release lamps with specific colour appearances. This high energy in light conversion was complemented by changes in the lamps gas's fill from argon to Krypton, reducing thermal losses with a slight increase in operating voltage and starting voltage. | The advent of high efficiency tri-band or tri-phosphorous lamps was the most important landmark. Successful development of flourescent powders that had peak UV to visible light conversion at blue, red, and green colours with peaks near the ideal wavelengths made it possible to release lamps with specific colour appearances. This high energy in light conversion was complemented by changes in the lamps gas's fill from argon to Krypton, reducing thermal losses with a slight increase in operating voltage and starting voltage. The TL5 lamp technology was an improvement on TL-D types based on the existing TL Mini lamp range. Of course, major gas fill, mercury vapor operating pressures had to determined. | ||
Due to the lamp's requirement of a different gas fill and diameter to length ratio meant that conventional, inductive, lamp gears were not optimal and newer, electronic lamp gears, had to be specified and used. This is the secret that allowed tremendous lamp performance improvements compared with similar TL-D lamps on standard gears. It should be noted, however, that retrofiting electronic lamp gears on any standard TL-D flourescent lamp automatically improves efficiency and reduces lamp power by around 15%, and this is not specified in any chart or comparison pertaining on TL-D vs. TL5 lamps. All this meant that benefits of TL5 technology was around less than 10% when comparing the best lamp gear and technology on the TL5 and TL-D or T8 format. This meant that only around mid 2000s TL5 lamps were reasonably competitive when taking into account also improved luminaires that could not be specified on the TL-D format or when size, weight or warehousing space were important. | |||
== Manufacturing specificities == | == Manufacturing specificities == | ||